Nonconventional Technologies Review

A word from our Editor-in-Chief

Mihail Aurel Titu — Tue, 30 Sep 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Each technological method need to complete a technological process that represents an independent component which must, however, meet the precise requirements impose to the process equal system. The systemic approach tends to become a general method of thinking, pertaining to all sciences, yet having a particularly efficient impact on technological sciences. The essential character of the systemic approach consists in its preference for the whole over the component parts, on the one hand, and in the special attention it pays to the study of the constantly changing possible connections between the components of the system, on the other hand.

DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF INTEGRATED SOLUTIONS BASED ON IIOT FOR THE INTELLIGENT PACKAGING

Oleksandr Gavva, Liudmyla Kryvoplias Volodina, Oleksandr Savchuk, Dumitru Mnerie — Tue, 30 Sep 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The synthesis of mechatronic modules combining heterogeneous physical principles is an urgent task of modern engineering. The study focuses on the development and implementation of integrated solutions based on IIoT to optimize the operation of robotic manipulators intended for product packaging. A methodology for processing data at the level of IIoT endpoints is proposed to minimize the amount of transmitted information and increase the efficiency of the system. To solve the tasks, an unconventional approach was taken, identifying certain methods of mathematical modeling and optimization. Models and simulation methods were developed for processing information on the endpoints of IІoT devices related to packaging equipment, aiming to reduce the amount of data transmitted and stored in IIoT systems. In the paper, based on the research results, a study was conducted on the influences of various parameters on the accuracy of dosing and recommendations were developed for optimizing the process.

ON THE STRENGTH AND FRIABILITY OF SERIES PRODUCTS MANUFACTURED BY DIRECT COMPRESSION OF NON-METALLIC GRANULES

Oleksii Gubenia, Oleksandr Zomenko, Serhii Samarchuk, Dumitru Mnerie — Tue, 30 Sep 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The aim Automation is essential in mass production. In the case of products obtained by direct compression of non-metallic powders, along with measures to increase productivity, there is a risk of reducing their quality. The present research represents an unconventional approach to the methodology of studying the friability of pharmaceutical tablets obtained by pressing the filling powders, in correlation with the working regime. The experiment used contributes to determining the impact of the compression cycles and the speed of the rotary table on the strength and friability of the tablets and other qualitative characteristics. The study enables the optimization of manufacturing technologies of pharmaceutical tablets, respecting the strict quality conditions imposed. The modernization of manufacturing technologies involves new approaches to scientific research in the field.

ON SOME ASPECTS OF THE EVOLUTION OF NONCONVENTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE LAST DECADE

Dumitru Mnerie, Mihail Aurel Titu, Gabriela Victoria Mnerie — Tue, 30 Sep 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The historical beginning of nonconventional technologies in Romania can be appreciated as the year 1954, when the Institute of Electrotechnical Research, created under the auspices of the Ministry of Electric Energy, was established in Timisoara. That's when the foundations were laid for the creation of the first Electrotechnologies laboratory in Romania at the Department of mechanical technologies (TM), UP Timisoara. After 20 years, the Center for Research in Nonconventional Technologies was established at the "Traian Vuia" Polytechnic Institute in Timisoara. In this paper, some references are made on the evolution of nonconventional technologies in Romania, with an emphasis on some developments from the last 10 years. Some novelties regarding modern applied technologies, based on energy concentration, such as 3D printing using metal powders, ultrasonic welding, are addressed in more detail. Some registered and certified invention patents in the field of nonconventional technologies are also recorded.

COMPARATIVE STUDY OF 3D PRINTING PIECES WITH FILAMENT AND POWDER

Caius Stanasel, Traian Buidos, Flaviu Corb, Cosmin Gheghea, Iulian Stanasel — Tue, 30 Sep 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This comparative study explores the impact of 3D printing technologies using filament and powder on dimensional accuracy, within the context of Industry 4.0 and rapid prototyping. In an era where efficiency and sustainability are essential, the analysis focuses on how these methods contribute to additive manufacturing processes, facilitating the rapid development of functional prototypes. The use of 3D scanners for precise measurements allows for the evaluation of part quality, highlighting the advantages of each technology in adapting to modern industrial requirements. The study emphasizes the importance of selecting the appropriate printing technology based on project specifications, thereby promoting not only innovation but also a reduced ecological impact through optimized material and resource utilization. This research contributes to a better understanding of the role of 3D printing in transforming industrial processes and supporting a circular economy.

AN OVERVIEW OF NANOPARTICLES: METHODS OF OBTAINING, APPLICATIONS AND CHARACTERISTICS

Dimitri Botnari, Pavel Topala — Tue, 30 Sep 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Lately, the term of “Nanotechnology” becomes very popular. This combines different representations and interpretations of action methods on materials. It means, before proceeding to characterization, methods of obtaining and applications, it is necessary to clarify about which dimensions will be further discussed. Is clear, that the term of “Nanotechnology” becomes obtained from two words: “nano” that means looking into a scale of billionth part (10^-9) and “technology” – the application of knowledge in practice. So hard to imagine these dimensions and to clarify a little, it’s important to mention that the thinnest atom of Hydrogen has a diameter of a 10^-10 m and especially the DNA spiral has the diameter of 1 nm. So, nanotechnology can be defined as a set of technics and methods, based on manipulation with atoms and molecules in a scale from 1 to 100 nm. The usage of special characteristics of materials in a scale of some couples of nanometers discovers new possibilities of development of process technologies in a strong link with electronics, material study, chemistry, medicine, mechanics and a lot of science branches. Obtaining new materials and development of new methods conduits to a technic-scientific revolution in information technology, obtaining new construction materials, producing medical preparations, construction of super exact devices etc. The overview in the following paper is designed to facilitate informed people and a reference for researchers and professionals regarding the know-how transfer, multidisciplinary collaboration and further development of methods of obtaining, applications and characterization on nanomaterials.

INFLUENCE OF POLYMER TYPE ON TOLERANCE IN ADDITIVELY MANUFACTURED BENDING DIES

Cristian Giolu, Catalin Gheorghe Amza, Constantin Alex Sumanariu — Tue, 30 Sep 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This research paper explores the influence of different polymer materials on the tolerance and performance of additively manufactured bending dies used in sheet metal forming. Traditional bending dies, commonly made from high-strength metals like steel, are both time-consuming and costly to produce, especially for small-batch or custom parts. Additive manufacturing (AM), specifically 3D printing, offers a cost-effective alternative by utilising polymers for the dies. The study employs Finite Element Analysis (FEA) using ANSYS software to compare the performance of polymer-based dies against conventional metal dies. It examines various parameters, including sheet thickness, material elasticity, and deformation behaviour during the bending process. The results highlight that while polymer dies show greater elastic deformation and springback compared to metal dies, certain materials like PLA and PET provide superior performance in terms of dimensional accuracy and durability.

CONSIDERATIONS REGARDING DEFECTS THAT MAY OCCUR DURING FSP/SFSP PROCESSING OF ALUMINUM ALLOYS

Gabriela Victoria Mnerie, Lia Nicoleta Botila — Tue, 30 Sep 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the defect phenomena associated with friction stir processing (FSP) and submerged friction stir processing (SFSP) of aluminium alloys. The investigation systematically addresses the origins, typologies, and implications of both surface and internal defects observed in rolled and cast aluminium alloys subjected to these advanced solid-state processing techniques. Key factors influencing defect formation, including tool geometry, process parameters, intrinsic material characteristics, and environmental conditions, are critically examined. The review further delineates material-specific responses to FSP/SFSP and highlights the challenges posed by initial microstructural inhomogeneities and compositional variations. Strategies for defect prevention are discussed, emphasizing the importance of optimized tool design, precise process control, and the integration of post-processing treatments. The findings underscore the necessity of a multidisciplinary approach - encompassing rigorous material pre-characterization, controlled processing environments, and adaptive monitoring systems - to ensure structural integrity and enhanced mechanical performance of processed components. This work advances the understanding of defect mechanisms in FSP/SFSP and offers evidence-based guidelines for the production of high-quality, high-performance aluminium alloy components suitable for demanding engineering applications.

RESEARCH ON SUBMERGED FRICTION STIR PROCESSING OF EN AW 6082 ALUMINUM ALLOY

Lia Nicoleta Botila, Ion Aurel Perianu, Iuliana Duma, Gabriela Victoria Mnerie — Tue, 30 Sep 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Submerged friction stir processing (SFSP) is a variant of processing the surfaces of metallic materials that uses the liquid medium to ensure a process temperature that does not thermally overload the materials to be processed or the processing tool. SFSP processing aims at local modification of the properties of the materials to be processed. The paper presents results of experimental research carried out at ISIM Timisoara on submerged friction stir processing (SFSP) of the 5mm thick EN AW 6082 aluminum alloy. In the SFSP processing experiments, multiple processing rows were performed with their partial overlap. The evaluation of the processed material consisted of visual examination and with penetrating radiation, structural analysis, mechanical tensile tests and bending tests, positive results the results being achieved.

THE INFLUENCE OF SOME INPUT FACTORS IN THE LASER BEAM CUTTING PROCESS ON THE SURFACE ROUGHNESS

Tue, 30 Sep 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Laser beam cutting of metallic workpieces is a frequently used process nowadays, due to the possibilities of cutting according to predetermined contours and the relatively small size of the slit width resulting from cutting. The heights of surface asperities resulting from cutting depend on the values of some input factors in the cutting process. To obtain more information on the influence of some input factors in the laser beam cutting process on the surface roughness achieved by laser beam cutting, experiments were carried out in which the values of the laser beam power, cutting speed, gas pressure, and pulse frequency, respectively, were changed. The experimental results were mathematically processed, being established empirical mathematical models capable of highlighting the direction and intensity of the influence exerted by the input factors considered on the value of the roughness parameter Ra, for the two distinct areas of the surface resulting from laser beam cutting. If in the case of the area of penetration of the laser beam into the test sample, the factor with the greatest influence is the power of the laser beam, in the case of the surface through which the beam exits the test sample, the greatest influence is exerted by the frequency of the laser pulses.

MODIFYING THE ADHESION OF A POLYURETHANE COMPOSITE USABLE AS INSULATION ANTICORROSIVE AND ANTIFOULING ON A METAL SURFACE DEPENDING ON THE NATURE OF THE METAL SURFACE TREATMENT

Catalina Daniela Marin, Laurentiu Marin, Pavel Topala — Tue, 30 Sep 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Considering that high-tonnage industrial landmarks - such as pipelines for transporting hydrocarbons from offshore to the shore - cannot be made from expensive types of steel such as stainless steel based on chromium alloys which could provide a satisfactory anti-corrosion protection but not an anti-fouling one, is the use of adequate insulation. The insulation is a non-metallic, polymeric material, that is deposited on the metal surface. It can be initially in the form of a liquid that is deposited through a painting process or in the form of strips of an elastic material that wrap around the metal pipe. The technological process of isolation after the manufacture of the metal landmark it has both an economic advantage - it is cheaper to insulate a metal landmark made of a cheaper variety of steel as well as technologically, since through adequate modification of the insulation material both anti-corrosion protection and anti-fouling protection are achieved. The only problem that needs to be solved is the realization of a proper adhesion of the insulation on the metal surface it protects. In the current paper, the doctoral student proposed to highlight the effect of various surface treatments on the adhesion of the protective composite on the metal surface.