LASER DED TECHNOLOGY: MATERIALS, PARAMETERS AND APPLICATIONS. A REVIEW OF RECENT LITERATURE

Abstract

Direct Energy Deposition (DED) for metal additive manufacturing has recently become an important solution for industries like aerospace, energy, automotive, and medical. Laser DED melts the material, which can be in powder or wire form, locally and deposits it layer by layer onto a substrate. This makes it possible to fix and upgrade important parts as well as make new, complex, or large parts. Powder-based technologies give you precise control over the microstructure, making them perfect for uses where detail and material properties are very important, like in aerospace or biomedical parts. Wire-based processes are known for their high deposition rate and material efficiency. They are good for quickly making large parts or fixing things in factories. You can use a lot of different materials, such as high-entropy alloys (HEAs), ODS, and functionally graded composites, as well as titanium alloys, nickel superalloys, and stainless steels. To get the desired properties, it's important to choose the right DED configuration and process parameters. Combining DED with traditional machining makes it possible to create custom, high-performance solutions for any modern industry.