BIOFUEL: ALTERNATIVE FOR APPLICATIONS IN OXI-COMBUSTION THERMAL PROCESSES
Keywords:
burner, biofuel, glycerin, ethanol, oxygen, fire steadiness
Abstract
Bioenergy, as a form of regenerable power, is an excellent alternative to ensure a clean and healthy environment and at the same time, to preserve natural energy resources that are constantly decreasing. Due to their biological origin, biofuels used in combustion processes contribute to the releasing of non-polluting gases in ambience with low percentages of CO2, CO, NOx, etc. The paper presents the project of an oxy-biological fuel burner using glycerin and ethanol as biofuels, suitable for industrial thermal processes at high temperature. The project was based on the own outcomes previously obtained in 2022, adding new contributions to improve the combustion process. Keeping the heat power of the burner at 60 kW, the glycerin and ethanol flows were adopted at 10 and 1.11 kg·h-1, i.e. a mass ratio of 9.0 than 8.1 used in the previous experiment. Residual gas composition measured under these conditions showed under 0.05 vol. % CO2, 0 vol. % CO as well as below 183 mg·m3 N-1 NO and under 200 mg·m3N-1 NO2.
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2. Bertrand, S., Fact sheet/Climate, environmental, and health impacts of fossil fuels, Environmental and Energy Study Institute, Washington DC, the United State, (2021).
3. World Energy Outlook. Report Extract Data, The International Energy Agency (IEA), Paris, France, (2019).
4. Olson, A.L., Tuner, M., Verhelst, S., A concise review of glycerol derivatives for use as fuel additives, Heliyon, Vol. 9, No. 1, (2023). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13041
5. Nicol, R.W., Marchand, K., Lubitz, W.D., Bioconversion of crude glycerol by fungi, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Springer Link, Vol. 93, pp. 1865-1875, (2012). https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00253-012-3921-7
6. Christoph, R., Schmidt, B., Steinberner, U., Dilla, W., Karinen, R., Glycerol, in Ullmann’s Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, Germany, Vol. 17, pp. 67-82, (2012).
7. Cornejo, A., Barrio, I., Campoy, M., Lazaro, J., Navarrete, B., Oxigenated fuel additives from glycerol valorization. Main production pathways and effects on fuel properties and engine performance: a critical review, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, Vol. 79, pp. 1400-1413, (2017). https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2017.04.005
8. Agarwal, A.K., Biofuels (alcohols and biodiesel) applications as fuels for internal combustion engines, Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, Elsevier, Vol. 33, pp. 233-271, (2007). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pecs.2006.08.003
9. Caliskan, H., Yildiz, I., Mori, K., Chapter 10-Biofuels combustion in internal combustion engines, Advances in Biofuels Production, Optimization and Applications, Elsevier, pp. 185-205, (2024). https://doi.org/10.1016/8978-0-323-95076-3.00008-9
10. Ramos, J.L., Valdivia, M., Garcia-Lorente, F., Segura, A., Benefits and perspectives on the use of biofuels, Microbial Biotechnology, Vol. 9, No. 4, pp. 435-440, (2016). https://doi.org/10.1111/1751-7915.12356
11. Paunescu, L., Surugiu, G., Volceanov, E., Experimentally use of glycerol as a biofuel in oxy-combustion thermal process, Nonconventional Technologies Review, Vol. 26, No. 3, pp. 22-27, (2022). https://revtn.ro/index.php/revtn/about
12. Yi, F., Axelbaum, R.L., Oxy-combustion of low-volatility liquid fuel with high water content, Energy & Fuels, Vol. 29, No. 2, pp. 1137-1142, (2015). https://doi.org/10.1021/ef5019516
13. Mihaescu, L., Cristea, E.D., Panoiu, N., Arzatoare turbionare: Teorie, constructive, utilizare, Editura Tehnica, Bucuresti, Romania, (1986).
14. Froud, D.Y., Syred, N., Characterisation of industrial swirl burners for efficient combustion of low calorific value gases, Proceedings of the Institute of Energy Conference Held, London, UK, December 4-5, (1995).
15. Basu, P., Kefa, C., Jestin, L., Swirl burners, Part of the book series: Mechanical Engineering Series, Link Springer, pp.212-242, (2000). https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4612-1250-8_8
16. Rubianto, I., Santosa, S., Sudarminto, H.P., Udjiana, S.S., Glycerol from waste frying oil as sustainable fuel, IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering, Vol. 732, The 1st Annual Technology, Applied Science, and Engineering Conference, Vol. 732, East Java, Indonesia, August 29-30, (2019).
17. Pei, S.K., Mohamed, K.A., Dand, A.W., Mohd, W., Conversion of crude and pure glycerol into derivatives: A feasibility evaluation, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol. 63, pp. 533-555, (2016). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2016.05.054
18. Kohse-Höinghaus, K., Osswald, P., Cool, T.A., Kasper, T., Hansen, N., Qi, F., Westbrook, C.K., Westmoreland, P.R., Biofuel combustion chemistry: From ethanol to biodiesel, Agewandte (International Edition), Journal of the German Chemical Society, Vol. 49, No. 21, pp. 3572-3579, (2010). https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.200905335
19. Ethanol-chemical compound, Encyclopaedia Britannica, August, (2022). https://www.britannica.com/science/ethanol
20. Aljaghoub, H., Alasad, S., Alashkar, A., Al-Mallahi, M., Hasan, R., Obaideen, K., Alami, A.H., Comparative analysis of various production techniques using multi-criteria decision-making methods, International Journal of Thermofluids, Elsevier, Vol. 17, (2023). https://doi.org/10.1061/j.ijft.2022.100261
21. Liu, H., Hong, Q., Liu, H., Huang, Z., Zhang, X., Chen, W., Zeng, X., Pan, S., Effect of temperature and additives on NOx emission from combustion of fast-growing grass, Frontiers in Energy Research, Vol. 9, (2021). https://doi.org/10.3389/fenrg.2021.772755
22. Kolb, T., Jansohn, P., Leuckel, W., Reduction of NOx emission in turbulent combustion by fuel-staging/effects of mixing and stoichiometry in the reduction zone, Symposium International on Combustion, Elsevier, Vol. 22, No. 1, pp. 1193-1203, (1989). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0082-0784(89)80130-4
23. Decision-Commission implementing Decision (EU) 2021/2326 establishing best available techniques(BAT) conclusion, under Directive 2010/75/EU of the European Parliament and the Council, for large combustion plants, Official Journal of the European Union, December 10, (2021). https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32021D2326
24. Emissions Legislation-Potential impact of the medium combustion plant directive, EU Directive 2015/2193. https://cea.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Saacke_Emissions_Legislation_revised.pdf
25. Bohon, M.D., Metzger, B.A., Linak, W.P., King, C.J., Roberts, W.L., Glycerol combustion and emissions, Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, Elsevier, Vol. 33, No. 2, pp. 2717-2724, (2011). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2010.06.154
26. Steinmetz, S.A., Herrington, J.S., Winterrowd, C.K., Roberts, W.L., Wendt, J.O.L., Linak, W.P., Crude glycerol combustion: Particulate, acrolein, and other volatile organic emissions, Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, Elsevier, Vol. 34, No. 2, pp. 2749-2757, (2012). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2012.07.050
Published
2024-12-31
How to Cite
Paunescu, L., Surugiu, G., & Volceanov, E. (2024). BIOFUEL: ALTERNATIVE FOR APPLICATIONS IN OXI-COMBUSTION THERMAL PROCESSES. Nonconventional Technologies Review, 28(4). Retrieved from http://revtn.ro/index.php/revtn/article/view/489
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Articles
Copyright (c) 2024 Lucian Paunescu, Gheorghe Surugiu, Eniko Volceanov
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